Today we are drawing a plumbing plan. We arrange beautiful toilet bowls and baths on paper, sign the dimensions, make important marks for the foreman - not a drawing to be, but a work of art. What for? In order not to make fatal errors in the repair process.

You can ask - if there is a plan for arranging furniture, why is another needed? Fair? You can not do if in the house 1 bathroom 4 square meters. All the details on the general plan indicate, and the foreman on the walls draw. And if you have a house a thousand meters and 10 bedrooms? And with each bedroom bathroom? And if you are planning a home spa? Pool? Are you sure that you will not need a separate plan? The foreman will not understand you exactly and will force you to draw a plan.

Let me remind you a familiar iconography with a list of all the most necessary plans for a dream home:

How many plans to draw

And a small one-room studio apartment, on the example of which we painted all the plans:

For odnushki need to draw:,.

After placing the furniture you need to place all the plumbing. Tie it to the walls and risers with sewers, double-check the boundaries of wet areas and do not break anything. It is necessary to place the plumbing in every bathroom, bathroom, kitchen, laundry, technical rooms where it is provided.

In odnushke plumbing equipment is located in two spaces: bathroom and in the kitchen.

In the bathroom: toilet, sink, shower. Do not forget about: hygienic shower, floor drain, mixer and shower stand. It turns out not a small list of what you can not forget at the time of the start of repair.

In the kitchen: sink and dishwasher, to which you also need to properly bring the pipes.

DRAWING PLAN PLANTS

STEP 1

We go to the shops and choose all the plumbing equipment that is needed. We use the terms: like, dislike; suitable for the interior or not suitable; fits into the budget or not.

The main actions of the first step are to choose plumbing and equipment, as well as to make sure that:

• it goes perfectly in size,
• by style and design like
• on functionality suits
• fits into the budget
• delivery times are suitable

After that, order, make an advance payment and get all the technical cards on hand.

Tip: plumbing, we put at least 10 years in our homes. It is not so easy to replace. In almost 99% of cases, the pipes shaky in the wall. To move one tap, you have to break the floor of the bathroom. In order not to make a mistake, it is better to spend several days, choose all the equipment and approach the planning process with high quality.

STEP 2

We draw the perimeter of the walls of bathrooms with the indication of the sewer and water output. We take out all the technical maps of the selected equipment and carefully look at the sizes:

We arrange plumbing and other equipment on the plan, according to their dimensions. We arrange all sizes and bindings. Remember now all about the interior and place the plumbing beautifully and competently.

Even such a simple, hand-drawn, plan is already enough for builders. But do not forget about accessories. Without mixers, taps and sanitary showers - living comfortably is not possible.

Useful topic:

STEP 3

Draw a wall sweep!

You can put all the marks with the designation of the placement of the taps and the sanitary shower right on the same plan, and you can draw the correct wall scan:

On the scan, everything is usually much clearer and all errors are immediately visible.

If you yourself can not cope with the exact and correct size, then my advice:

• Draw a sweep of the walls of the bathroom, attach the technical maps of all the equipment for it, and with all the papers stomp to your foreman.
• Sit down together and let him write thoroughly and correctly with you on the scans. Leave one copy for yourself, and hand a second one to him. Then, when the work starts in the bathrooms it will be much easier to navigate. You will save yourself from mistakes and from the arbitrariness of the builders.

About the dimensions on the plan how to write them correctly.

There is such a thing as “binding” equipment to something. Those you define for yourself that the point of reference will be wall AB, or angle, or pipe. Something in the room to which you can "become attached."

For example, on the odnushki bathroom plan we took the wall as a reference point, which are built around the sewer pipe.

Because when the builder is told on the phone: “put a sink 40 cm from the wall,” it is logical and correct if he asks - “from which wall?”. And if he doesn’t ask, and you don’t say, then don’t be surprised at the location of the sink and then in your bathrooms.

We turn to the kitchen in our odnushku.

After the equipment for the kitchen is chosen - we act in exactly the same way as with the bathrooms. We draw the perimeter of the kitchen, arrange sinks, dishwashers, mixers and draw a plan with dimensions. Mark the bindings on the plan and mark the output and drain water for the sink and dishwasher.

Such preparatory work will save from many mistakes.

The main thing is that there is no history that can happen at any time while construction is in progress: you stopped to check how things are going on the construction site of your dream house, and the foreman says: tomorrow bring all your faucets, hygienic souls - we will build in.

Shock! What kind of faucets, what tomorrow, I have not yet chosen not bought.

The story is very common and banal.

Time 6 pm, you rush to the store. And there you understand that before you buy something, you should at least know the minimum necessary information about the subject of purchase.

From a variety of head spinning, the manager is trying to sell the most expensive. Do you understand what I mean?

Plumbing do not buy for 1 year. This is a long-term investment. The risk of wasting money is great. The risk of error is even greater. Therefore, I repeat - draw plans, make collages and start repairing with a clear conscience.

If you still think this is very abstruse and complicated, take a look at an example of technical documentation from the projects of the “On the Wave of Décor” studio. This is where the real and challenging development plans are. To read them correctly and build on them, you must be a professional in your field:

Today we talked about the important topic “how to draw a plumbing plan”.

My illustrations, so that everything is clear and easy for you, I hope you appreciate it, and the best thanks will be your repost on social networks. Consider it your simple, but the most expensive THANKS to me.

Thanks for attention! Stay with me and be sure to share with your friends the ideas of the blog "On the Wave of Decor" and wait for new interesting articles! AND…

GOOD LUCK IN REPAIR!

The blog "On the Wave of Decor" is a non-commercial project and is created only by the author. If you have appreciated the article and you liked it - I will be grateful for a little financial support. Thank!

Do you want to seriously renovate and renovate an apartment? Then it will not be out of place to find out that one of the most basic stages of housing overhaul is the replacement of old plumbing and pipes with new ones. In addition, this is the most impressive item of expenditure in the budget allocated for this work.

To reduce the already impressive costs - the normal desire of every zealous owner. Do you agree? To reduce them is quite realistic: do-it-yourself plumbing installation help. We will tell you how to do the wiring, how to move and connect plumbing equipment, what tools and materials are needed.

You will learn how to independently change the pipes in the bathroom and connect plumbing fixtures. And in order to make it easier to understand the repair issue, the article contains thematic photo tutorials and video instructions.

Standard projects of high-rise buildings are far from being satisfactory to everyone, and apartment owners are trying to redo plumbing according to their preferences. This complex of works is very troublesome and time consuming, however, if you study well the theoretical side of the issue and follow the instructions accurately, most of the work (if not all) can be done on your own.

Which is better: sequential or collector circuit?

Today, the two generally accepted are used - consistent and collector.

The sequential (or as plumbing as it is called, tee-type) system is considered to be classical. It is used in all standard apartment buildings and private houses with a small area of \u200b\u200bbathrooms.

The system is very simple - from the central risers, through which hot and cold water is supplied to the apartment, is laid under one main pipe, from which every sanitary fixture in the apartment is powered.

For each device in the pipe smashes tee. Thus, the entire length of the pipes in a house or apartment is relatively small, so this option is considered the most inexpensive wiring

The scope of work on installing bathroom fixtures for the bathroom with their own hands is also not very large. However, the benefits of the sequential scheme end there. The main disadvantage of this type of connection is that all devices are powered from one pipe, and when one device is working, the pressure in all the others drops.

That is, when the washing machine pumps water, the pressure in the kitchen faucet will be very weak, and vice versa.

Another disadvantage lies in the way of shutdown. If one sanitary device breaks down, then in order to repair it, you will have to completely shut off the water in the apartment. The collector system is used in those houses where there is a large load on the water supply system. In this case, all sanitary points are connected to the collector.

The collector is a large diameter distributor having a certain number of outlets. A separate tap is installed at each exit.

Most often, the collector is hidden in a special cabinet or closed niche - for aesthetic reasons. Each sanitary device joins the collector separately, through a personal tap. With this method of connection will require a large number of pipes, and installation work will take a long time.

Although with the connection of such a system will have to tinker, the advantage is obvious: the pressure in all plumbing devices will be stable in any mode of operation of the plumbing.

In addition, each device, if necessary, can be disconnected or dismantled. At the same time, there is no need to shut off the water completely - it is enough to turn off the tap on the desired branch.

The wiring device in the bathroom

In the assembly of the pipeline of polypropylene pipes has its tricks, which should pay close attention:

Image Gallery

How to connect a regular sink?

Focusing on it, mark the horizontal line on the surface of the wall. After that, you need to measure the width of the back wall of the washbasin and put this distance down from the mark.

Before mounting brackets on the wall, you need to accurately calculate the distance between them. This is easy to do: turn over the sink, put the brackets on top so that they fall into special slots. Next, measure the distance between the brackets and transfer it to the wall.

Now you can make holes, beat dowels, tighten the bolts. Next, you need to install a mixer on the sink, then fix it with bolts and washers, check the sink position on the level and fix it with nuts.

We install a rubber gasket on the drain hole and mount the drain, connect it to the siphon. Using the adapter, we connect the siphon drain pipe to the sewer. Using flexible hoses, connect hot and cold water to the mixer.

How to install a sink on a pedestal?

In this case, it is very important to make the markup correctly. We put the pedestal, on top of it we set the sink so that the drain is exactly in the center of the stand. We check its location using the construction level.

The installation process of a sink with a pedestal is not very different from the installation of a conventional washbasin: we also install an element that masks the pipes under the sink

After that, carefully mark on the adjacent wall of the place of fastening for the bowl. The entire structure can be temporarily disassembled to make holes in the wall. After that we beat dowels, we twist screws, we put on packing nuts.

Now it remains to fasten the bowl of the sink to the wall. The main thing here is not to overdo it, since ceramics can crack if the nuts are clamped too tightly. Inside the pedestal, you need to install a siphon and connect it to the washbasin, and the drain pipe to the sewer.

In order to visually present the installation process of a sink with a pedestal, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the following selection of photos:

Image Gallery

Having installed the pedestal to the place of the intended connection and hoisting the sink on it, we check the horizontal position of the device with the building level В and carefully drill the drilled holes into the dowel, acting with a rubber hammer through the plate. We twist the brackets in them. We connect the sink to the outlet in the sewer system by connecting a siphon to its drain.

Stage 2: Marking the fixing points of the plumbing fixture

The most popular model of the toilet - floor. If the floor in the bathroom is lined with ceramic tiles, under the toilet you need to put something soft - for example, a piece of linoleum or rubber. To connect the toilet to the sewer, you need to use a special cuff. One of its ends is connected to the drainage of the toilet, and the other to the sewer pipe.

To the floor, the toilet is fastened with special studs that are inserted into the dowels fixed in pre-made holes.

The toilet, as a rule, is sold in an already assembled form. You just have to attach it to the floor and connect to the water supply and sewage.

In some cases, the toilet is glued to the floor with epoxy glue. In this case, the toilet can not be used for about 12 hours, until the glue completely hardens.

Conclusions and useful video on the topic

With tips on the device layout and self-installation of plumbing equipment can be found in the following videos.

Video # 1. How to make the wiring of PP pipes:

Video # 2. Useful tips on welding PP pipe and plumbing installation:

In this publication, we have provided only general information on the replacement of plumbing and pipe installation - this topic is too extensive to be fully disclosed in one article. However, we hope that this material will help you in planning and carrying out repairs in the bathroom, choosing materials and replacing plumbing fixtures.

Please write comments in the box below. We are interested in your stories about personal experience in self-installation of sanitary devices. We are waiting for messages with useful facts and questions on the points of interest.

Hot and cold water mains, drains, sewage systems, gas supply networks, ventilation and air conditioning systems, as well as heating are related to sanitary systems and engineering equipment for residential, industrial and public buildings.

In order to equip buildings for various purposes with engineering and sanitary systems, a set of working drawings is being developed and compiled. It includes:

Plans and sections of installations

Plans, sections and axonometric systems

General data of water supply, heating, sewage, ventilation and air conditioning systems

The main components of engineering and sanitary systems are:

Pipelines (risers, horizontal lines and equipment connections)

Pipe fittings (valves, taps, valves, valves, etc.)

Various equipment (pumps, filters, air conditioners, water heaters, etc.)

The basis for the compilation of engineering and sanitary engineering systems of buildings and structures is the information contained in the architectural and construction drawings, on the cuts and plans available on them. It contains graphical images and layouts of pipelines and pipe fittings, as well as sweeps, profiles and sections of walls, which depict both the elements of engineering and sanitary systems, and the connections that should be between them. For a more visual and understandable image of the most complex nodes, some fragments of sections and plans are carried out on a larger scale.

On axonometric diagrams made in frontal isometry, they depict the most complex in their design and the most extensive networks of water supply, heating systems and gas supply systems. At the same time for individual sections of pipelines indicate the values \u200b\u200bsuch as diameter, direction and length of the slope, as well as the length of the section. The working drawings are attached specifications of equipment and materials.

According to accepted standards, conventional graphic symbols are used to depict various elements of sanitary systems on diagrams and drawings. The special tables give the designations that should be used to depict both the pipelines themselves and the fittings used in them on axonometric diagrams, scans, sections and plans for engineering and sanitary engineering systems of buildings.

According to GOST 21.601 - 79 for drawing conventional graphic elements of pipeline systems use a solid main line, and those parts that are invisible (in channels, underground) - a dashed line of the same thickness. For the image of technological equipment and building structures apply a thin solid line.

If it is necessary to draw the dimensions of the symbols of pipeline valves (valves, valves, etc.), then their sizes are taken equal to 3-3.5 pipe diameter. Elements of networks and sanitary engineering systems are supplied with special marks (alphanumeric designations).

The table below shows the conventional graphic elements of pipelines GOST 2.784 - 96.

Pipeline elements
Designation	Name
	Suction, pressure, drain line
	Pipeline control line, drainage, air exhaust, condensate drain
	Piping connection
	Pipeline intersection without connection
	Connection point for energy extraction or measuring device (closed)
	Connection point for energy extraction or measuring device (connected)
	Vertical riser pipeline
	Flexible hose
	Isolated pipeline section
	Pipeline in pipe (case)
	Pipeline in the gland
	Pipeline connection detachable
	Flange connection
	Nipple Threaded Connection
	Coupling threaded connection
	Coupling elastic connection
	Single line swivel joint
	Trilinear swivel joint
	The end of the pipeline under the plug connection
	Flange finish
	Nipple Threaded
	Coupling threaded end
	Coupling elastic
	The end of the pipeline with a plug (stopper)
	Flanged end of pipe with plug
	Threaded pipe end with plug
	Tee
	Cross
	Tap (knee)
	Splitter, manifold, comb
	Siphon (water seal)
	Transition, transition pipe
	Flanged junction
	Transition nipple
	Quick coupling without locking element (connected or disconnected)
	Quick disconnect with locking element (connected and disconnected)
	Compensator
	Compensator U-shaped
	Compensator lyroobrazny
	Lens compensator
	Wavy compensator
	Compensator Z-shaped
	Bellows expansion joint
	Annular Compensator
	Telescopic compensator
	Depreciation insert
	Soundproofing insert
	Electrically insulating insert
	Resistance area with flow rate dependent on the viscosity of the working medium
	Place of resistance with a flow rate independent of the viscosity of the working medium (choke washer, flow constriction, orifice plate)
	Fixed pipeline support
	Moving support (common designation)
	Ball bearing
	Support guide
	Sliding bearing
	Katkovy support
	Elastic support
	Fixed suspension
	Suspension guide
	Elastic suspension
	Hydraulic shock absorber
	Breakthrough membrane
	Nozzle
	Air intake from the atmosphere
	Engine air intake
	Connecting device to other systems (testing, washing machines, working environment conditioners, etc.)
	Lubrication point
	Splash lubrication point
	Drip grease
	Lubrication nozzle

Heating schemes

Heating circuit with natural circulation

Heating circuit with forced circulation

The scheme of two-pipe radiator heating of the premises of a one-story house or apartment

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System Feature:

Class heating system - Economy Plus

  Radial two-pipe wiring.
  Two or more branches of heating.
  Bottom radiator connection

Easy installation and configuration.
  Aesthetic view of the premises due to the lack of visible pipelines.
  The system is hydraulically stable.

Only manual regulation of the temperature in the rooms.

  Pipe consumption is higher than with horizontal and vertical wiring.
  The need for laying pipelines in the screed and corrugated housing or insulation.

  The area of \u200b\u200bthe heated room - up to 250m2.
  The power of the heating system is up to 30 kW.

The length of the supply pipe from the collector to the last radiator is no more than 30m.

1A. Metal-plastic pipe d \u003d 16 × 2 (footage depending on technical need. Subject to the use of pipes from other materials - polypropylene d \u003d 20mm, copper d \u003d 15mm) - not more than 60m to the radiator.
  1B.Pipe metal-plastic d \u003d 26 × 3- (metric area depending on technical need. Subject to the use of pipes from other materials - polypropylene d \u003d 32mm, copper d \u003d 22mm) - in place.
  2. Ball valve 1 ″ -1.
  3. Direct-flow valve 1 ″ -1.
  4.Bak membrane for heating, 24 liters-1.
  5. Circulation pump with a set of nuts - Wilo Star RS 25/6 (or another manufacturer with a pressure of 6 m) -1.
  6. Reverse valve 1 ″ -1.
  7. Security group up to 50kW 1 ″ -1.
  8. The collector with shut-off cranes (comb) 1 ″ xl / 2 ″ - by the number of outlets (heating branches).
  9. The collector with adjusting valves (comb) l "xl / 2" - according to the number of outputs (branches of heating).
  10. Crane drainage 1/2 ″ -2.
  11. Air vent automatic 1/2 ″ -1.
  12. Tee collector 1′x 1/2 ″ x З / 8 ″ -2.
  13. Distribution cabinet-1.
  14. A connector for a 16 × 2.0 pipe (or another diameter depending on the pipes used) - according to the number of outlets.
  15. Shut-off valve for mounting the air vent 1/2 ″ -1.
  16. Adapter 1/2 ″ (BP) x3 / 8 ″ (HP) -2.
  17. A pair of brackets for collectors-kit.
  18.Coated corrugated HDPE 16 (25) -in place.
  19. Manual 1/2 ″ air vents - in place (depending on the number of radiators).
  20. Heating radiators - depending on the needs of the room.
  21. Node lower radiator connection-in place (depending on the number of radiators).
  22. Connection pipe-in \u200b\u200bplace.
  23. Plug radiator 1 ″ in place (depending on the number of radiators).
  24. Air blower manual 1/2 ″ - in place (depending on the number of radiators).
  25.Futorka radiator 1 ″ x 1/2 ″ - (depending on the number of radiators).
  26.Connector 16 (2.0) (or another diameter - depending on the pipes used) - in place.

Diagram of radiator heating of a two-story house

System Feature:

Class heating system - Economy
  Manual room temperature control.
  Horizontal two-pipe wiring.
  Two or more branches of heating.
  Lateral connection of radiators

The advantages of the heating system:

Easy installation.
  Low cost of components.

Disadvantages of the heating system:

Requires fine tuning.
  Hydraulic Instability.
  The pump is not overload protected.
  Manual room temperature control.

Operating conditions of the heating system:

Pressure in the heating system - up to 2.5 bar
  The temperature of the heating system is up to 90 ° С.
Temperature delta (difference between supply and return temperature) is 20 ° C.
  The area of \u200b\u200bthe heated room - up to 200m2.
  Heating system power - up to 25 kW.
  The length of the supply pipe to the last radiator - no more than 20 m

The scheme of radiator heating of a two-story house or apartment. Horizontal two-pipe wiring. Manual temperature control in rooms. Side connection of radiators

Specification of basic materials and equipment:

1. Metal-plastic pipe d \u003d 20 × 2 metric area, depending on technical need. Subject to the use of pipes from other materials - polypropylene d \u003d 25mm, copper d \u003d 18mm
  1a. Metal pipe d \u003d 26 × 3 metric area, depending on the technical need. Subject to the use of pipes from other materials - polypropylene d \u003d 32mm, copper d \u003d 22mm
  2. Ball valve d 3/4 - 1pc.
  2a Ball valve d 1/2 - 3pcs.
  3. Direct-flow radiator valve d 3/4 - 1pc.
  3a Direct-flow radiator valve d 1/2 - 1pc.
  4. Diaphragm expansion tank for heating 24 liters - 1pc.
  5. Circulating pump with a set of nuts Wilo Star RS 25/6 (or another manufacturer with a pressure of 6m) -1pc.
  6. Check valve d3 / 4- 1pcs.
  7. Security group up to 50kW d1 - 1pc.
  8. Heating radiators - depending on the needs of the room.
  9. Crane radiator straight (or angular) with a handle d 1/2 ″ - 6 pcs. (or more, depending on the number of radiators).
  10. Crane radiator straight (or angular) without handle d 1/2 ″ - 6 pcs. (or more, depending on the number of radiators).
  11,13. Plug / Futorka radiator d1 ″ - 6 pcs. (or more, depending on the number of radiators).
  12. Mayevsky's crane - 6 pieces. (or more, depending on the number of radiators).

The scheme of heating the premises of the first floor with the help of a "warm floor" The area of \u200b\u200bthe heated premises is not more than 10 m. Manual temperature control in the rooms

The scheme of heating the premises of the first floor with the help of a "warm floor" The area of \u200b\u200bthe heated premises is not more than 20 m. Manual temperature control in the rooms

The scheme of heating the premises of one floor with the help of a "warm floor" Manual control of the temperature in the rooms

The scheme of heating the premises of one floor with the help of a "warm floor" Automatic control of the temperature in the rooms

The scheme of heating of the premises of one floor with the help of a "warm floor" Automatic regulation of the temperature in the rooms. Manifold block with flow meters

   Manual room temperature control.

The scheme of heating the premises of several floors with the help of "warm floor".

The scheme of heating the premises of several floors with the help of "warm floor"
   Automatic room temperature control.

The scheme of heating the premises of several floors with the help of "warm floor".

The scheme of heating the premises of several floors with the help of "warm floor".
   Automatic room temperature control. Manifold block with flow meters

The scheme of radiator heating of the premises of one floor. Manual control of indoor temperature. Horizontal two-pipe wiring. One heating branch.

Symbols on the drawings of water supply and sewage must be indicated not only during the construction of multi-storey buildings, but also during the construction of small houses. Regardless of the type of building, special conventions are always used. They are regulated by GOST, and they are used in any programs that allow you to create drawings of the sewage system and water supply, including in Avtokad.

Most modern buildings are equipped with systems that are responsible for the implementation of sanitary and technical standards. As a rule, this is a whole complex of engineering communications, which includes a hot and cold water supply system, sewage system, gas supply, garbage disposal, drains, heating.

Sewerage and water supply design

These systems play a very large role in people's lives. From that, the drawing of the sewerage and water supply will be how correctly made, the comfort of inhabitants of the house, and also improvement of rooms depends. Drainage systems play a special role. Some people think that there is nothing difficult in installing a sewer system, but, in fact, drafting its project is a very big, time-consuming and responsible work. If you make even the slightest mistake, then it will definitely show itself. Sometimes it comes to the fact that inaccurate design leads to the fact that the house is unfit for life.

The sewage system is needed to remove waste liquids and some solid waste from each apartment. Most often, they have very unpleasant odors, so the design of the drainage system is made taking into account all the norms, rules of hygiene and improvement of residential premises. Through the sewers pass and solid elements, and fats, and a large amount of storm water. This suggests that the system must be reliable in order to qualitatively fulfill its main purpose throughout the prescribed period of operation.

But no one is protected from force majeure situations. Therefore, the sewage project must be designed in such a way that in case of unforeseen circumstances and any breakdowns everything can be quickly corrected.

Drainage system is very important for any home - both high-rise and private. Its task is the removal of sewage into special reservoirs. It is very important to design the system so that contaminated liquids do not fall into the ground. Otherwise, there may be a threat of sanitary and epidemiological risk throughout the surrounding area.

Designing a water supply system is no less difficult and a very responsible task.

It is worth noting that even in the simplest at first glance, there is a lot of nuances that must be taken into account. Therefore, when drawing up a drawing and a project of water supply and sewerage for a residential house, you should turn to professionals. Experts know exactly how to properly and safely provide the house with water and remove waste water from the premises.

Features of symbols on the diagram

In order to properly place the water supply and sewerage system, it is necessary to draw up a preliminary drawing. For each type of room it will be different. Moreover, experts always take into account the peculiarities of the house, the geographical location, and the number of rooms to which it will be delivered, and where water will come from. There are many nuances in this matter, but always before starting work a scheme is created, on the basis of which further work will be carried out.

When performing drawings should be used generally accepted notation. These are conditional symbols that make it easy for any master to read one or another scheme, even the most complex one.

The designations that are used to compose the drawings of the water supply and sewage systems are regulated by the SNiP and GOST documents. Other conditional images are not allowed. There is a whole list of permissible symbols, with the help of which one can draw up a detailed diagram of how water will flow into and out of the house.

Every specialist knows how to properly draw up drawings using symbols. For this, there are special programs, for example, AutoCAD. It allows the use of all elements that are approved by GOST. But it must be borne in mind that the creation of a high-quality and correct scheme of the system for supplying and discharging water from a house is a rather complicated task. There are no inaccuracies, therefore, if there is no experience in such a business, you should entrust the creation of the drawing to professionals.

When planning a project with the help of symbols, the master specifies the hot and cold water intake points, the location of the plumbing fixtures and the sewage outlet.

Symbols on the drawing

When designing a system for hot and cold water supply and sanitation, it is customary to use special symbols. They may be different, but GOST regulates all the standards, so you cannot change them at your discretion. The scheme should contain only those signs that are used by all experts in this field.

Special symbols and alphanumeric elements can be used to identify the plumbing and sanitary systems. In addition, lines are always used in the drawing. Symbols are used without any additional explanation. Exceptions are only those elements that are governed by industry standards. In this case, it is recommended to provide a link to them.

In total, more than 70 elements are used to create a water supply and sanitation scheme. Not all of them are common, but some are necessarily present in the preparation of a standard drawing.

On the scheme you can often meet straight and dashed lines and dotted lines with a dot. This is a line of sewage, stormwater and mixed sewers. On the diagrams there are elements with lines of different lengths, which are supplemented with all sorts of elements, such as rectangles, circles, triangles and simply perpendicularly drawn segments. They have different meanings and indicate the presence of a drain, the completion of a pipe section, the presence of a valve, etc. A circular mark with a letter indicates the presence of a gas trap, grease trap, fuel flap, dirt trap, etc. in this area. The letter in the center of the circle is easy to understand what is at stake. If the diagram shows just a circle without specifying a letter, it means that a drawing box is provided here.

Special designations are also provided to put plumbing on the drawing. GOST provides for the designation on the diagram and shower stall with a flexible hose for water, and sinks with mixers, and baths, and toilet bowls with various types of flushing. For each case has its own element. They are displayed in the form of conditional drawings, which make it easy to determine what type of plumbing in the drawing.

What does the water and sewage system contain?

When drafting a project you need to take into account a lot of different moments. Here, as a rule, are indicated not only the layout of various assemblies, pipes, valves and catchers, but also a considerable amount of other important information for the executors. It is necessary for the masters to be easier and more convenient to read the drawings. The following conventions are used here, but mainly in alphanumeric form.

The project documentation should include a communications wiring plan, namely, a hot and cold water supply and sewage supply systems. The data from the well table, the project specification and a lot of other information that may be useful during the execution of the planned works are indicated. Only with the proper preparation of all documents can you be sure that the system will function correctly and will not cause inconvenience to people who will live in the designed building. It will be impossible to cope with this task without certain knowledge and experience, therefore, if there are doubts in our own abilities, it is worth entrusting this work to professionals.

Information on the designation of the sewer system and water supply is usually included in the project documents with the help of alphanumeric symbols. They are common to all diagrams and drawings of plumbing networks.

The general designation of the aqueduct is marked as B0, pipes for domestic water will be spelled as B1. If the scheme indicates the water supply for the fire-fighting system, then B2 is indicated, and water for industrial needs is supplied via pipe B4.

Thus, everything that has a “B” mark belongs to the water supply system. The sewer sign is marked with the letter "K". If it is necessary to designate a domestic drainage system in the diagram, K1 will be indicated. For rain sewer applies the symbol K2. To create a drainage system in the industrial premises, the mark K3 will be used.

All numeric, alphabetic and graphic symbols must be applied correctly. It is not allowed to use in the drawings of water supply and sewage of those elements that are not regulated by GOST and SNiP. It must be remembered that with the help of appropriate signs a formula is created, according to which the performers continue to work. If you prescribe a scheme and draw up a drawing incorrectly, this can lead to excessively rapid network wear, frequent breakdowns, or even make the building unsuitable for people’s life. The correct symbols and symbols guarantee that the contractor will read the document as it should be, and the quality of the construction and installation works depends on this. At observance of all requirements of state standard specification it is possible to develop effective sewerage and water supply system that will be a guarantee of their long and trouble-free work.

Creating a drawing in "AutoCAD"

This program is one of the main assistants in the design, as it allows you to create drawings quickly and conveniently. In the AutoCAD system, you can also develop a water supply and sewerage project. But this will require some knowledge, as the program has its own characteristics.

Even in order to develop the simplest drawing in Avtokad, you need to spend a few hours studying the program. The World Wide Web offers a lot of free lessons, which will be enough to master the basics. This is enough to create a simple drawing of the water supply and sewage systems.

The program is convenient because you can draw any scheme here. To create a system for the withdrawal and removal of water from a residential building in Avtokad, the same symbols are used as in conventional drawings.

The program "AutoCAD" has a huge amount of advantages that will be useful for those who create projects for water supply and sewerage systems. Here you can make a scanned drawing, and then make corrections on it, but on the computer. The program's features allow you not to draw all the elements, but to mark only half, and then use the reflection function of the drawing. This saves time and effort when it comes to a symmetrical image.

The program "AutoCAD" will be useful for those who are engaged in the design of various systems. But it needs to be carefully studied so that work is easy and convenient. In addition to "AutoCAD" there are other special programs. But in any case, it will take a lot of time to master them, so it’s much easier to entrust the work of creating water supply and sewage system drawings to professionals.