Tricky numerals, how to decline?

On paper you can also write that “the number 275 is closer to 300 than to 200,” but not everyone can pronounce this phrase correctly. What is the long-suffering number 275 closer to: “two hundred”, “two hundred”, or maybe “three hundred” or “three hundred”? Declension of numerals is not a mathematical question, but a grammatical one. The errors are so common that some linguists have come to the conclusion that numerals will soon no longer be declined at all.

Let's pronounce some of them correctly together.

300 Spartans

The seemingly simple numerals 200, 300, 400, as well as those numbers that end in “hundred,” are atypical for our perception. Trying to avoid them often leads to confusion. You've probably heard: “I don't have two hundred assistants” or “I don't have two hundred dollars for a ticket to New York.”

But in Russian grammar there is only one correct phonetic version of this word in the genitive case - “two hundred”, similarly as with similar numerals: five hundred, six hundred, nine hundred (not nine hundred!).

For example:

“I don’t even have two hundred rubles in my wallet to buy something” - true;

“I don’t even have two hundred (two hundred) rubles in my wallet to buy something” - incorrect.

100 grams per inclined

Again we decline the complex numerals “two hundred”, “three hundred”. The insidious letter “x”, at the wave of a magician, is either lost from sight or suddenly found:

• in the genitive case - “three hundred”; "two hundred";
• in the dative case - “three hundred”; "two hundred";
• in the instrumental case - “three hundred”, “two hundred”;
• in the prepositional case - “three hundred”, “two hundred”.

Declined, remembered, drove away doubts:

“Four hundred forum participants did not have enough room in the hotel” - true;

“Four hundred forum participants did not have enough room in the hotel” - incorrect.

Where are my 17 years...

The next example is quite simple. There is no need to write a soft sign in the middle of the complex numerals 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. Not necessary at all. It should be reserved for numerals ending in “ten” or “hundred”: “seven hundred”, “six hundred”, etc.

From this we conclude that:

“She hid her age for fifty years” - correct;

“She hid her age for fifty years” is incorrect;

“Nineteen musicians were part of this ensemble” - correct;

“Nineteen musicians were part of this ensemble” is incorrect.

Forty forty and one hundred poods

A simple rule for three numerals.

Number 40:

• in the nominative case - “forty”;
• in all other cases - “forty”.

Number 90:

• in the nominative case - “ninety”;
• in all other cases - “ninety”.

Number 100:

• in the nominative case – “one hundred”;
• in all other cases - “hundred”.

As you can see, each of these words has only two correct forms of declension. The options “hundreds”, “magpies” and the like can be safely rejected.

So:

“The son ran away to McDonald’s with a hundred rubles” - true;

“The son ran away to McDonald’s with one hundred rubles” - incorrect;

“It’s not about forty rubles at all” - that’s right;

“It’s not about forty rubles at all” is wrong.

A noun is governed by a fraction

The simplest single rule will help you avoid mistakes in writing and pronouncing fractional numbers. It sounds short: the noun is controlled by a fraction. Therefore, if we put the singular fraction in the genitive case, then “the number 18.3 million” will sound like “eighteen point three million”, and not like “eighteen million” without the fraction.

Let's put it into practice:

“The new buildings occupied an area of ​​five point four thousand square kilometers” - correct;

“The new buildings occupied an area of ​​five point four thousand square kilometers” is incorrect.

3 poplars don't crush us

The animate feminine gender respects cardinal numbers. In the context of female persons, we use quantitative numerals: “three athletes”, “five relatives”, etc. Collective numerals (two, five, etc.) should be left for nouns:

• masculine;
• of a general kind, indicating persons (guys, scholarship holders, citizens, etc.);
• having only the plural (swing, canopy, glasses, cream, perfume, etc.).

For example: “four athletes”, “two heroes”. At the same time, “four athletes” or “two heroes” can be said. But “three athletes” or “two gymnasts” sounds ugly.

“Three friends were walking in the garden” - correct;

“Three friends were walking in the garden” - incorrect;

“Three comrades served” - correct;

“Three comrades served” is also correct.

So, we realized that there are no restrictions on the use of cardinal numbers. The fuss flares up due to the stylistic compatibility of collective numerals with certain nouns. The question in paragraph 6 is controversial and extremely interesting. It can become a separate topic for an article or even a dissertation.

Not everyone manages to remember how numerals are declined the first time. In order not to lose vigilance in such cases, it is useful to buy grammar texts, where exceptions atypical for our speech are discussed in detail. Most of them have long passed into the status of rules, and are not a stumbling block for a literate person.

In the question of how to spell it correctly: two hundred or two hundred, preference should be given to the “two hundred” option.

Rule for choosing the correct spelling

In order to correctly speak and write numerals in Russian, it is necessary to take into account their structure. The word you are looking for belongs to complex cardinal numbers, since it contains two roots. The spelling of such words in indirect cases requires declension of both parts. Correctly writing the case ending of the number 2 (two) usually does not cause difficulties. A common mistake is the incorrect use of the letter “a” in the second part of the word. It arises from the confusion of the declension two hundred with forms of the word “hundred”. It is necessary to remember that the numeral “two hundred” is an abbreviation for the phrase “two hundred”, therefore the following case spellings and pronunciations are literate:

R. p. (until what?) up to two hundred
D. p. (to what?) two hundred
P. p. (on what?) at two hundred

There is no form of “two hundred” in Russian. It is also worth knowing that the stress in indirect cases is always placed on the second syllable.
Otherwise, you should write case endings in the ordinal number. When changing the word “two hundredth”, the first part of the word is always written the same way. The endings of the second stem change according to the adjective declension model: two hundred - wow, wow.

Example sentences

• About two hundred people came to the cleanup from our enterprise and almost a hundred people from the district administration.
• To prepare the cake you will need a little more than two hundred grams of sugar: a full glass and another tablespoon.
• To find out what thirty percent of two hundred is, you can multiply twenty by three.
• The loan debt is a little less than two hundred rubles; the exact amount of the payment can be found out directly from the bank.

TWO HUNDRED, two hundred, two hundred, two hundred, about two hundred, number. quantity Name of the number 200; number 200. Divide two hundred in half. Write two hundred. || Quantity 200. Two hundred rubles. Two hundred kilometers away. Two hundred rubles each. Ushakov's explanatory dictionary. D.N.... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

TWO HUNDRED, two hundred, two hundred. There are two hundred, but not in one place. Let's go together, find two hundred, divide in half, take a hundred each. Both together, so two hundred; but as apart, so all one by one. Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary. V.I. Dahl. 1863 1866 … Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

Exist., number of synonyms: 1 two hundred (1) ASIS Dictionary of Synonyms. V.N. Trishin. 2013… Dictionary of synonyms

Two hundred, two hundred, two hundred, two hundred, about two hundred... Spelling dictionary-reference book

two hundred- two hundred, b. two hundred, dates two hundred, creative two hundred, sentence about (in) two hundred (wrong two hundred, two hundred) ... Dictionary of difficulties of pronunciation and stress in modern Russian language

Number, used compare often Morphology: how much? two hundred, (no) how many? two hundred, how many? two hundred, (I see) how much? two hundred, how many? two hundred, about how many? about two hundred Two hundred means the number and quantity of 200. If two hundred is divided by two, it will be ... Dmitriev's Explanatory Dictionary

200 two hundred 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 Factorization: 2×2×2×5 ×5 ... Wikipedia

Ukr. dvisti, other Russian, art. glory dve sate, bolg. two hundred, Serbohorvian double, dial. two, Slovenian dvȇsto, Czech. dvěstě, slvts. dvesto, Polish dwiescie, v. Luzh., n. puddle dwěscě. Praslav. *dъvě sъtě, old. them. wine door; see two and one hundred.… … Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language by Max Vasmer

For all two hundred. Perm. Approved What's l. about? excellent, excellent. Podyukov 1989, 198 ... Large dictionary of Russian sayings

Two were the number of shekels of Achan's silver (Joshua 7:21), the number of people in the train (1 Sam. 25:13), the number of singers and singers (Ezra 2:65), the number for the guards (Song 8:12), the number of denarii for bread (John 6:7), the number of soldiers (Acts 23:23) ... Bible. Old and New Testaments. Synodal translation. Biblical encyclopedia arch. Nikifor.

Books

• Two hundred and fifth kilometer, Mikhail Pavlovich Korshunov. “The Two Hundred and Fifth Kilometer” is a collection of funny works by Mikhail Korshunov about amazingly talented schoolchildren. Get a trendy haircut? Vasya will teach you. Be prepared for any question? Sevka...
• Two hundred and fifth kilometer, Mikhail Pavlovich Korshunov. The Two Hundred and Fifth Kilometer is a collection of funny works by Mikhail Korshunov about amazingly talented schoolchildren. Get a trendy haircut? Vasya will teach you. Be prepared for any question? Sevka...

Enter a word and click Find Synonyms.

Sentences containing "two hundred"

We found 80 sentences containing the word "two hundred". Also look at synonyms for "two hundred".
Meaning of the word

• On the mountain in different places lay from a hundred to two hundred killed and wounded.
• The whole world then, in 1983, shuddered with horror: more people died two hundred Human!
• For two hundred for thirty years not a single husband dared to leave his wife*, not a single wife of her husband.
• The low barracks still housed less two hundred Human.
• It was attended by about two hundred Human.
• Names more known two hundred his ancestors, all of them Germans.
• More than two hundred representatives of the political, business and scientific elite of Russia.
• Throughout two hundred Over the years, the place and role of the chief commander of Moscow in the system of self-government has changed repeatedly.
• The Spaniards visited several more villages, each of which had no more than two hundred houses.
• Between us and the Germans lay about two hundred meters of deadly land.
• About half of these two hundred The cadets had just recently arrived from Nara, but we, of course, were much better prepared than them.
• Before the persecution we saw about two hundred wolves and bears next to a huge pack of dogs.
• The regular convoy of a regiment of the Russian army consisted of a hundred carts or more two hundred horses.
• During the month of the march to Ochakov, the convoy traveled a little more than two hundred versts
• From two hundred I paid sixty-three rubles for correspondence, one hundred and forty rubles were my first fee.
• Before the war, the distance from Poznan to Berlin was about two hundred kilometers.
• Only in Bologna did Cosse manage to seduce more two hundred women.
• In May 1606, the boyars Shuisky and Golitsyn, with the support two hundred armed nobles carried out a palace coup.
• Like a pulsating spiral, a line of two hundred hungry prisoners wriggle around this coveted box.
• The bank manager said that more than a hundred or at least two hundred they won't give him thousands.
• We will sow our missing twenty-five acres with cotton: it costs from two hundred up to four hundred bucks an acre.
• Captured before two hundred people, but most of them died from severe wounds, and 50 were brought alive.
• This means, in any case, no more two hundred kilometers from the border.
• Nazik joined them with one hundred and twenty cavalry men and about two hundred a man from the Thracian-Cretan detachment of Harpalus.
• Instead of a thousand two hundred he began to receive one and a half thousand francs a year.
• Hanging gardens were created for her, which functioned for about two hundred years.
• The factory employed about two hundred Human.
• And by the end of the 1920s, the number of children in the only Russian gymnasium in France was about two hundred.
• With his assistants, the old writer organized more two hundred free canteens for the hungry.
• The last one gathered about two hundred kaiten drivers and instructors, since the group from Nara joined our group.
• Prussian-German soldier throughout two hundred For years I was taught not to be interested in politics.
• Here he built houses for two hundred families
• Because of two hundred or three hundred people, trapped in such a small space, very soon it became completely impossible to breathe.
• Of the nearly one and a half thousand aircraft of this type built, a little more than took part in battles. two hundred.
• Hitler really stood there, but on the street and in the huge Wilhelm Square there was no sign. two hundred Human.
• Behind the sovereigns followed princes, dukes, marshals and more two hundred nobles
• In July 1930 alone they burned more than two hundred estates of Polish settlers.
• From two hundred Most of our bombers and fighters, standing wing to wing on long runways, were burning.
• But the Turks overtook them and killed about two hundred people and captured twenty Cossacks.
• Three hundred people against two hundred fifty sentenced Socrates to death.
• The forces were unequal: five carbines against two hundred rifles and machine guns.
• Destroyers and two hundred escort ships stood ready to guard the ships throughout two hundred miles west of Ireland.
• There were a lot of chicks, before two hundred heads, you could literally fill the whole barn with them.
• When everyone was lined up in a column and counted, there were about two hundred people, men and women.
• In the end, you are all exhausted, and, well, you earned two hundred rubles a month, with a salary (120 plus bonus) also about two hundred.
• We didn't make it through the forest two hundred steps, when a tall young man appeared in front of us, riding towards us.
• About two hundred people, a thousand injured.
• Then Cassander sent a detachment from two hundred soldiers with orders to kill her.
• On that day the regiment lost more than two hundred Human.
• You actually wrote more two hundred articles and everything about art, culture?
• It is known that Burtsev has published about two hundred descriptions of rare books, manuscripts, ancient documents, collections of watercolors and engravings.
• More two hundred For years, Petersburg was the capital of the empire, and on this site all the Russian tsars, starting with Peter, built fortifications.
• Some ships carried up to two hundred fifty people.
• Such marks of approval consisted of no less than one hundred rubles, and in emergency cases reached up to two hundred rubles, of course, in banknotes.
• When the staff reached the person two hundred, departments began to move away from each other.
• About two hundred active, distinguished communists.
• The desalination plant only produces brackish water and I convince myself not to drink any more. two hundred fifty milliliters a day from my supply.
• The yard was huge, and from the manor's house stretched on both sides endless buildings for the servants, of whom there were before two hundred shower.
• The degree of difficulty is low, 4-A, and that’s due to the first two hundred meters of a rather steep wall.
• This was supposed to be a raid using the GH system approx. two hundred"Lancaster" escorted by Mustang fighters.
• In front of us is about two hundred soldiers with severe and extremely severe wounds who require surgery and still need to be accommodated.
• Over the past two hundred For years in Sweden there has not been a single attempt on the life of national political figures.
• Some kungui hermits (yogis) live to be one and a half hundred and up to two hundred years.
• We were there at least until two hundred women, and note: there were only about thirty married women.
• Has anyone tried to imagine what Russia would have been like if this invasion had not happened and two hundred fifty years of yoke?
• There were about two hundred, but only four of them were permanent advisers to the king.
• Recently, one of ours received a blow with a butt instead of the promised ones for a good German sword belt. two hundred grams of bread.
• The Russian cavalry in which I served numbered about two hundred thousand people.
• An experienced warrior-archer from the saddle had to fire six aimed shots per minute at a distance of two hundred meters.
• The Orekhovo Sports Club (KSO) at first consisted of two hundred fifty full members and sixty-nine players.
• The number of students at the gymnasium at that time was small and hardly extended to two hundred people in all classes.
• Then money was sent, and the amount sometimes reached a thousand two hundred or one thousand five hundred francs.
• We expected the Urals or Siberia, and ended up in an area of ​​one and a half hundred two hundred miles to the border.
• About two hundred fifty thousand Polish soldiers and officers.
• Having stopped the campaign, he led two hundred ships went to Italy, but while he was on the road, Fulvia, who was moving towards him, fell ill and died.
• The net profit of these two hundred corporations in 1929 accounted for half the profits of all US industrial concerns.
• There are thousands of languages ​​in the world, but fewer two hundred states
• This line was followed throughout two hundred years and her heirs.
• Friends sold more two hundred These devices cost $150 each.
• The galleries and passages accommodated over two hundred shops.

Source – introductory fragments of books from liters.

We hope that our service helped you come up with or create a proposal. If not, write a comment. We will help you.

You should learn a few simple rules that govern the spelling of numerals.

1. For the numerals “FIVE” - “NINETEEN”, as well as “TWENTY” and “THIRTY”, b is written at the end, and for the numerals “FIFTY” - “EIGHTY” and “FIVE HUNDRED” - “NINE HUNDRED” - in the middle of the word.

2. The numerals “NINETY” and “STO” have the ending O in the nominative and accusative cases, and in other cases - the ending A. (SPENDING A HUNDRED RUBLES, A HUNDRED RUBLES ARE NOT ENOUGH). The numeral “FORTY” in the nominative and accusative cases has a zero ending, and in other cases it has the ending A. (HE IS NOT EVEN FORTY YEARS OLD). In the nominative and accusative cases, the numeral “TWO HUNDRED” has the ending I, and the numerals “THREE HUNDRED” and “FOUR HUNDRED” have the ending A. (HAS EXISTED FOR THREE HUNDRED YEARS).

3. Complex numbers (both quantitative and ordinal), consisting of two bases, are written together (SIXTEEN, SIXTEENTH, NINE HUNDRED, NINE HUNDRED).

4. Compound numerals are written separately, having as many words as there are significant figures, not counting zeros (FIVE HUNDRED TWENTY THREE. FIVE HUNDRED TWENTY THIRD). However, ordinal numbers ending in - THOUSANDTH, - MILLION, - BILLION are written together (HUNDRED THOUSANDTH, TWO HUNDRED AND THIRTY-FIVE BILLION).

5. Fractional numerals are written separately (THREE FIFTHS, THREE INTEGERS AND ONE SECOND), but the numerals TWO-HALF, THREE-HALF, FOUR-HALF are written together. The numerals ONE AND A HALF and ONE AND A HALF HASTA have only two case forms: ONE AND A HALF (ONE AND A HALF in female R.), ONE AND A HALF HAST for the nominative and accusative case and ONE AND A HALF, ONE AND A HUNDRED for all other cases without gender distinctions.

6. In compound cardinal numerals, all the words that form them are declined (TWO HUNDRED FIFTY SIX – TWO HUNDRED FIFTY SIX, TWO HUNDRED FIFTY SIX), When declension of fractional numerals, both parts also change (THREE FIFTHS – THREE FIFTHS – THREE FIFTHS – THREE FIFTHS – O THREE X FIFTHS) .

7. BUT when declension of a composite ordinal number only the ending of the last component changes (TWO HUNDRED FIFTY-SIXTH - TWO HUNDRED FIFTY-SIXTH - TWO HUNDRED FIFTY-SIXTH).

8. The word THOUSAND is declined as a feminine noun in -A; the words MILLION and BILLION are declined like masculine nouns with a consonant as the stem.

9. Please note: the numerals BOTH (m. and middle r.) and BOTH (f. r.) are declined in different ways: for the numeral BOTH the basis for declension is OBJ- (BOTH, BOTH, BOTH), and for the numeral BOTH the basis is OBEJ- (BOTH, BOTH, BOTH).

10. Please note: with a mixed number, the noun is governed by a fraction, and it is used in the genitive singular: 1 2/3 m (ONE WHOLE AND TWO THIRD METERS).

Exercise

1. The Spanish artist Goya created 700 paintings during his life.

2. P. M. Tretyakov donated 1925 works of art to Moscow in 1892.

3. In some cities, 56.3% of the population died due to the plague in the 14th century.

4. According to the encyclopedia, this is a famous Russian histologist, dismissed from Moscow University in 1914 by the reactionary Minister of Education Casso. [D. Granin. Bison (1987)]

5. I am sure that you will meet both their sisters.

6. He left the house with 300 rubles_

7. The city changes the metric of space, and you will agree with me that 150 steps is not the same in the city and in the countryside. [B. Khazanov. City and Dreams (2001)]

8. The coat of arms of our country depicts a double-headed eagle.

9. The bitter experience of Kolomnin and others taught us that this dose, on the contrary, is very small, that more than 6/100 grams of cocaine cannot be introduced into the human body; This dose is twenty-five times less than the one that unfortunate Kolomnin prescribed to his patient. [IN. V. Veresaev. Notes of a Doctor (1895–1900)]

10. I returned home with 672 rubles.

11. And at home, and in the field, and in the barn, I thought about her, I tried to understand the secret of a young, beautiful, intelligent woman who marries an uninteresting man, almost an old man (her husband was over 40 years old), has children from him, - to understand the secret of this uninteresting person, a good-natured person, a simpleton, who argues with such boring sanity, at balls and parties he sticks around with respectable people, lethargic, unnecessary... [A. P. Chekhov. About Love (1898)]

12. “It’s not a matter of pessimism or optimism,” I said irritably, “but the fact that 99 out of a hundred have no mind.” [A. P. Chekhov. House with mezzanine (1896)]

13. The guests respectfully pointed to one rich tax farmer, her parent, and some noticed in a whisper that she had already set aside 300 thousand rubles for a dowry. [F. M. Dostoevsky. Christmas tree and wedding (1848)]

14. If Kutuzov had decided to remain in the Kremlin, then Napoleon’s army would have cut him off from all communications, surrounded his exhausted army of 40,000, and he would have been in Mack’s position near Ulm. [L. N. Tolstoy. War and Peace. Volume One (1867–1869)]

15. You need to type the text at two-half intervals.

The exercise was prepared by N. Maslov and B. A. Panov (“League of Schools”).