Electric boilers are useful in areas without gas supply. They are lightweight, compact in size, and do not harm the environment. Such devices have a number of positive qualities:

• They are designed quite simply, provide a minimum of heat loss and a high efficiency during the heating season - about 99.5%;
• There is no need to place the equipment in a separate room of the building;
• The energy carrier does not need to be stored;
• Absolutely safe during operation: if a water leak occurs, the boiler simply turns off;
• There is no need to equip a chimney, since no substances are released into the environment during operation.

When compiling a rating of the best electric boilers intended for heating a private home, we took into account a large number of different factors - the manufacturer, productivity, the ability to provide the house with hot water, and not just heating, and efficiency. In addition, when developing this top 10 ranking, we also took into account user reviews. So we can say with confidence that the review included only the most popular and functional models, which also have a very reasonable price.

10. Protherm Scat RAY 12 KE/14

This product is distinguished by a very high efficiency factor - this figure for the boiler reaches 99.5%, and both water and antifreeze can be used as a coolant. The design is absolutely safe due to the use of a large number of the latest and original solutions: a thermal fuse is installed, frost protection is provided, and the pump is protected from overheating and from idling. In general, the brand of these boilers has long proven itself to be successful among Russian consumers. The model is available in eight modifications, differing from each other in power ratings - from 6 to 28 kW. The boiler has a storage boiler. Despite the fact that it belongs to a single-circuit product, it is possible to heat a certain amount of water in it. It is possible to connect a room regulator, after which the system will automatically maintain the most comfortable temperature at home.

The case has a liquid crystal display and a very informative display. The controls are intuitive, so you can figure it out quickly enough. The boiler does not need to be connected to a chimney; it operates from a standard household electrical outlet. Maintenance does not require special skills. The product is very reliable, as it has a self-diagnosis system and a large number of sensors that check the performance of all equipment elements. The boiler has a circulation pump and an expansion tank, so there is no need to install them outside the device.

Advantages:

• Works absolutely silently;
• All parameters are supported stably;
• High efficiency;
• Long service life;
• Reliability;
• Occupies a minimum amount of free space;
• There is an informative display.

Flaws:

• The thermostat is not included and will have to be purchased separately.

This equipment is perfect for making an individual heating system in a private home. The boiler has high power, thanks to which the room warms up to the set temperature within just a few hours. It can be used not only for residential, but also for industrial premises, the area of ​​which is no more than 120 square meters.

If necessary, it can be connected to a heating system of the “warm floor” type; it is possible to connect a storage boiler. The body is made of thin sheet stainless steel. On its front side there is a convenient and extremely clear external control panel, equipped with an LED display, where you can easily adjust the temperature. The design includes a powerful and efficient microprocessor that ensures the accuracy of all changes in the heating system.

To extend the service life of the unit, the manufacturer equipped it with a number of protective systems - protection from overheating, from too high pressure in the system, from freezing, etc. The power changes smoothly, which prevents overloads. The kit includes an external temperature sensor that will transmit data to the microprocessor. This, in turn, will increase or decrease the temperature of the coolant.

Advantages:

• Significant heating area;
• Possibility of connection to the “warm floor” system;
• You can additionally purchase a hot water boiler;
• The expansion tank is equipped with a mechanical pressure gauge;
• Operates exclusively on 200 V.

Flaws:

• Expensive service;
• High price.

8. EVAN Next 5

It can be used for heating not only private houses, but also summer cottages, warehouses and even small commercial premises. Often, some people purchase such products as a backup heat source if a solid fuel or gas appliance is installed as the main one. By and large, such a boiler is a monoblock, where control elements and all the necessary automation are located under one body, including an expansion tank and a circulation pump. There is a built-in thermostat, due to which the temperature of the coolant can range from 30 to 85 degrees. Three-stage equipment power control. In order to ensure maximum safety when heating the coolant to a set temperature, the thermostat turns off the power to the device, and when the temperature drops below the set limit, it will restart the device.

In order to further protect the device from overheating, it has a built-in emergency thermal switch of a self-resetting type. It is triggered when the temperature in the system rises to 92 degrees. The heating element is made of stainless steel, which significantly extends its service life. The design of the heating element is block-based, so if necessary, this part is very easy to replace. If desired, the boiler can be connected to a water heated floor system, and a unit can be installed that provides remote control of this device.

Advantages:

• Acceptable cost of the unit;
• Very high quality of components and assembly;
• It is possible to install additional elements;
• Automation works instantly;
• Can be connected to a heated floor system.

Flaws:

• The case is quite dirty - fingerprints and dust are visible on it.

This domestic product is one of the most budget models presented in our rating of the best electric boilers. The main distinguishing feature of the unit is the absence of a housing, but at the same time it retains all the basic qualities and functions. The temperature range is from 30 to 85 degrees - which is quite enough even for the most severe climatic conditions. If necessary, you can connect an external thermostat with a remote control module to the device, but you will have to purchase it separately.

The thermostat is automatic - it is activated when the coolant temperature drops below the set value. There is an overheat protection system: the boiler will turn off when the water warms up to 92 degrees. The heating element is made of thick-walled stainless steel, characterized by a long service life. The device weighs only 15 kg, the maximum pressure in the system is about 4.5 bar, and is designed for connection to a single-phase line with a voltage of 220 V.

Advantages:

• Reliable stainless steel heating elements;
• Does not require maintenance during the entire service life;
• Simple device;
• Low price.

Flaws:

• The need to purchase additional devices such as a thermostat;
• Lack of housing.

Medium power equipment - consumes only about 9 kW, takes up little space, and is attached to the wall. The boiler can be used both for heating and for hot water supply due to the additional installation of a boiler. When installing heating equipment, you will have to install an expansion tank and a circulation pump, since these elements are missing in the boiler.

There is a reliable and durable automatic system that allows you to maintain a comfortable temperature in the room - no more than 30 degrees. The temperature sensor can be placed either close to the installation or at a distance of up to 10 meters from it. There is a stepwise power adjustment - 30, 60 and 100%. The heating element and heat exchanger are made of high-quality stainless steel; water or antifreeze can be used as a coolant. Communication of heating elements is carried out using semiconductor structures, which increases the life of the device and allows it to operate completely silently. When turned on, the contacts do not burn and no interference occurs. The boiler is absolutely safe; it has several sensors that monitor the condition of the main systems.

Advantages:

• Perfectly withstands low voltage – up to 20%;
• The kit includes a temperature control sensor;
• The control is located on remote elements;
• Functions without failures;
• Heated area up to 65 square meters;
• Pleasant appearance and small overall dimensions;
• Connects to both single-phase and three-phase networks;
• The pump can operate in both automatic and forced mode.

Flaws:

• The magnetic starter hums a little, the issue can be solved by configuring the device;
• Difficult to connect due to confusing phase, neutral and ground locations.

The boiler is designed quite simply, which makes it easier to install and connect, and even when installing a heated floor system, you do not have to install additional control valves. The unit weighs little and has small overall dimensions, easy access to the heating elements, making boiler maintenance much easier. The boiler has convenient connecting connectors for all electronic units.

The device is equipped with a large number of fairly accurate sensors; if necessary, you can connect a weekly thermostat to use the equipment in fully automatic mode. It has a self-diagnosis system and internal memory for individual settings. In such boilers, you can use a GSM module, due to which all basic operations will be carried out from a mobile phone. The boiler is very reliable; all heating elements are made from stainless steel tubes with a diameter of 7.4 mm.

Advantages:

• Availability of a reliable overheating protection system;
• The kit includes a room thermostat;
• Small dimensions;
• Easy to install.

Flaws:

• It makes a little noise during operation;
• The design does not include an expansion tank or circulation pump.

4.ZOTA 12 Economy

Allows you to provide sufficient heat to residential and industrial premises, the area of ​​which does not exceed 480 square meters. m. These products are suitable for systems with natural and forced circulation of coolant. The boiler is single-circuit and is not designed to supply hot water to the water supply system. It takes up the minimum amount of free space in the room. The heating elements are made using original technology; they are made from stainless steel tubes and can withstand any thermal load well. The boiler and the device control unit are located in different housings. The control panel can operate both on power relays (they operate absolutely silently) and on magnetic starters, depending on the model modification of the device. In addition, the products are available in different power options - from 3 to 15 kW.

A sensor can be built into the control panel of the device, providing automatic adjustment of the air temperature in the room within the range from +10 to +35 degrees. The coolant temperature at the boiler outlet is in the range from +40 to +90. There are also automatically switched power levels, due to which the consumed electricity is consumed more economically. The boiler is equipped with a system for automatic diagnostics and rotation of heating and power elements.

Advantages:

• Suitable for absolutely any heating systems;
• Stylish appearance;
• Long service life;
• High quality components;
• Convenient and simple controls;
• Reliability and efficiency of the device.

Flaws:

• When the pressure in a forced-type system decreases, it begins to hum a little.

3. Reco 6P

Designed to create comfortable living conditions in industrial and residential premises, the area of ​​which does not exceed 60 square meters. m. The products are absolutely environmentally friendly; during operation they do not emit combustion products, so the likelihood of carbon monoxide poisoning is zero. The boiler can operate from various networks - 220 and 380 V. Power adjustment is carried out both manually and automatically. The electric boiler is also characterized by an attractive and stylish appearance. This is a fairly reliable design - the expansion tank and all heating elements are made of high-quality stainless steel. The functionality has been expanded: you can program the device’s operating schedule for a whole week; it also has an energy consumption meter, so the consumer will always be aware of how much electricity this heating device has consumed.

Switching of heating elements here is carried out thanks to semiconductor systems, which have a significant service life, operate absolutely silently, no burning of contacts or occurrence of radio interference has been detected. Power adjustment occurs without phase imbalance. All elements function normally even at reduced voltage. The boiler can be built into a heated floor system; both water and antifreeze are used as a coolant. The product is controlled through a functional panel equipped with a liquid crystal display with all the necessary indications.

Advantages:

• Intelligent installation control system;
• The system independently collects and processes data regarding the temperature of the coolant and air in the room;
• Electricity consumption meter installed;
• Groups of heating elements can be controlled automatically.

Flaws:

• Not suitable for large areas.

It takes an honorable second place in the ranking of electric boilers. By and large, this unit is a boiler room in miniature; it is distinguished by domestic production, mechanical control, which is very easy to understand. Can be used for both residential and industrial premises; the boiler is equipped with a membrane-type expansion tank. It is designed for an area of ​​up to 180 square meters.

The heating elements are made of stainless steel; water or antifreeze can be poured into the heating system. The device perfectly withstands voltage surges and phase imbalance. The kit includes a remote programmer that allows you to store a weekly operating cycle in the device’s memory. The boiler is absolutely safe due to the presence of a large number of different types of sensors: pressure, temperature, a protection system against short circuits and overloads in the electrical network. The unit is very economical and is equipped with light and sound alarms in case of problems.

With the onset of autumn, it's time to think about the heating system in the house. Let's talk about how to choose an electric heating boiler for a private home.

Although heating with electricity is more expensive than heating with wood and coal, a system created on the basis of an electric boiler does not require a separate boiler room and the creation of a chimney. In this article we will talk about how to choose an electric heating boiler for a private home.

Electric boiler

There are several prerequisites for choosing an electric heating boiler:

• There is no gas main near the house.
• Reluctance or impossibility to allocate space for a boiler room and storage space for solid fuels (coal, firewood, pellets).
• An electric boiler is easier to automate and integrate into a home control system.

Advantages of heating systems with an electric boiler:

• Efficiency is 92–99%.
• Compact sizes.
• Registration with supervisory authorities is not required.
• An electric boiler has less inertia and warms up the house faster. A reaction to changing settings can be felt within 2–5 minutes.
• The electric boiler operates automatically and does not require constant user attention.
• There is no need for a separate room to install heating equipment.

Minuses:

• Significant electrical power is required.
• The heating system is energy dependent.
• Mandatory grounding of all components of the heating system is required.

Characteristics and features of electric boilers

In an electric heating boiler, the coolant is heated by the release of heat in the conductor through which electric current flows.

Boilers are divided according to the method of implementation:

• heating elements;
• induction;
• electrode.

heating elements new

The heating elements are refractory conductors, insulated with ceramics and a layer of copper with a high thermal conductivity as a shell. They are called heating elements.

The heat exchanger is often a flow type with 2–3 heating elements, although there are no restrictions on the use of a volumetric heat-storing tank.

The main drawback attributed to such boilers is the formation of scale on heating elements during operation. Scale reduces the rate of heat transfer, increases the temperature of the heating element, and reduces the service life of the boiler. But heat still comes in, and efficiency decreases slightly. The inertia of the system and the risk of burning out the heating element increases.

This aspect can be eliminated by simply preparing the coolant. Before pumping water into the system, it is enough to demineralize it or use distilled water with antifreeze.

Induction

An induction electric boiler operates on the principle of a transformer. The primary winding is an inductive coil, the secondary winding is a special metal core and a heat exchanger housing.

The current in the coil induces high currents on the body using electromagnetic waves, from which the latter heats up and the heat is transferred to the coolant. Due to the large heat exchange area, the boiler can operate without high-temperature elements. For comparison, in heating elements the conductor is heated to 500–600 °C.

An induction boiler is almost insensitive to the quality of the coolant. Due to the absence of surface boiling of the liquid, scale does not form.

The main disadvantage is the high cost of the equipment, comparable to the cost of a gas boiler.

Electrode

The heating method in such boilers is innovative. Current is passed directly through the coolant, releasing heat.

A flow-type design is always used, in the housing of which there is an electrode connected to the power phase. The second electrode is the body.

Among the advantages are very fast heating of water, minimal dimensions. The diameter of the boiler is only three to four times larger than the diameter of the connected pipe with a length of about half a meter.

Electrolysis decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen does not occur due to the constant change of polarity on the electrodes at a power supply frequency of 50 Hz.

However, the electrode boiler has the most impressive number of operational requirements and features:

• The coolant must have a conductivity of over 1000 Ohm/cm.
• Distilled water is used with the addition of salt in strict proportions, which has to be selected on site during commissioning.
• Risk of electric shock from contact with any metal surface of the heating system.
• Over time, the electrode is “eaten up” and destroyed.
• It is not advisable to use an electrode boiler with cast iron and aluminum radiators.

Boiler selection

All three options for electric boilers are suitable for installing a heating system for a private home. So the final choice should be made based on the following criteria:

• cost of equipment and its installation;
• complexity of installation, adjustment and startup of heating;
• features of operation, comfort.

Regarding the first and last points and partially the second, the heating element wins. Low cost and ease of maintenance work in its favor. It is enough not to fill the system with tap or well water. Heating elements, which are very inexpensive, will only have to be replaced once every 5–10 years.

Induction and electrode boilers are the most compact, in addition to the high heating rate of the coolant. However, in both cases you will have to spend more on purchasing equipment. Induction boilers are able to work even with petroleum products and, accordingly, with any type of coolant at low operating costs.

Electrode boilers are too demanding to operate. Too many factors regarding the installation and operation of the system affect the heating efficiency.

Selection of characteristics and installation

The power of an electric boiler is selected according to the standard scheme. The total heat loss of the building is determined and the rated power of the boiler is selected with a margin of 20–30%. The greater the power reserve, the less often the heating element will turn on, but the starting and operating currents increase. As a rule, the boiler power is calculated based on the area of ​​the house multiplied by the regional coefficient. The result obtained is divided by 10. For the southern regions, a coefficient of 0.7–09 is used, for the middle zone - 1–1.2, and for the northern regions 1.5–2.

If the area of ​​your house in the middle zone is 150 m2, then the boiler power should be at least 150 x 1/10 = 15 kW.

Any type of electric boiler requires a powerful electrical input, a separate power line with large-section wires in accordance with the manufacturer’s requirements, separate circuit breakers and safety switches, as well as reliable grounding.

Installation of a heating element and induction boiler with a circulation pump is allowed in any convenient place, from where it is easier to lay pipes and ensure normal access to equipment for maintenance. The electrode boiler is installed at the lowest point of the system, taking into account the powerful convection flow created by it itself.

The total cost of installing an electric boiler for heating a private home is not much higher than even gas equipment. This is possible thanks to the use of precision automation and programmers that can set the most economical and at the same time comfortable mode of operation of the heating supply. published If you have any questions on this topic, ask them to the experts and readers of our project.

Before buying an electric boiler for heating your home, you need to sort everything out. It is important to find out what types of boilers exist and determine the advantages and disadvantages of each.

Before buying an electric boiler for heating your home, it is important to find out what types of boilers exist, determine the advantages and disadvantages of each

Before purchasing an electric boiler, you can even calculate how much electricity is needed to operate it. The main thing is that the heating device must meet the expectations and capabilities of the buyer.

Overview of types of electric boilers

Electric boiler connected to the heating network

Electric boilers are not the same in shape, size, design and power. Therefore, each manufacturer of heating devices sets their own price for them. The cost and quality characteristics of an electric boiler are largely influenced by its type of heating medium. Thus, heating devices can be heating elements, electrode and induction.

Pros and cons of a heating element electric boiler

In heating element electric boilers, metal tubes are responsible for supplying heat. Such devices can be hung on the wall or placed on the floor. They have many advantages:

• They are relatively inexpensive;
• Easy to install;
• Instead of water, you can fill them with another coolant - antifreeze;
• Equipped with a stepwise power control system.

But heating element electric boilers also have some disadvantages:

• Due to hard water, the metal tubes of the device become covered with scale, which eventually affects its operation;
• It happens that heating elements fail, and the question arises about their urgent replacement.

Electrode assessment

An electrode or, in other words, ionic electric heating device functions by passing alternating current through the coolant.

• It is similar to a heating element electric boiler in that it can be single-phase or three-phase. But it has many special advantages:
• The coolant temperature increases without the use of heating elements;
• Small dimensions;
• Reasonable price, despite the high efficiency of the device in energy conversion;
• Although salt deposits on the electrodes impair the operation of the boiler, they do not render it unusable;
• Fast heating of water in the heating system with the ability to automatically regulate this process;
• The operation of the device is not affected by power surges.

But it is worth taking into account that the electrode heating device is not without its drawbacks:

• Such a boiler cannot be filled with any other coolant except a special one, the cost of which is high;
• It must be equipped with a reliable grounding device, which is why protective shutdown cannot be applied to it;
• Electrolysis gradually deteriorates, resulting in changes in the coolant and wear out of the electrodes themselves;
• Ventilation grilles must be installed at the boiler installation site, since gas is formed during the electrolysis process;
• The power of this boiler is difficult to regulate smoothly.

Pros and cons of induction

An induction heating device uses the property of a ferromagnet - it increases the temperature of the coolant due to induction current. This electric boiler heats the air quickly, but may look different, and therefore has different quality characteristics.

• Among the advantages of an induction electric boiler, the following should be noted:
• There is almost no scale deposited inside the boiler, since special microvibrations occur during its operation;
• The device can operate uninterruptedly for many years, and its efficiency will not decrease;

The heating element of the electric boiler does not deteriorate and does not need to be replaced.

• The disadvantages of induction electric boilers include:
• High cost compared to heating elements and electrode boilers;
• Heavy weight (more than 30 kg);

Insufficient testing, since they began to be produced recently.

Electricity consumption for work

What does it depend on?

• The energy consumption of a heating device is primarily affected by its type. Double-circuit equipment requires more kW than single-circuit equipment. Also, when calculating the energy consumed by an electric boiler, take into account:
• Equipment power;
• Cable cross-section dimensions;
• Area of ​​the heated house;

Electrical voltage indicators.

Of no small importance when determining the energy consumption of a heating device are the dimensions of the tank, the volume of the coolant, the service life of the boiler and the average value of its operation when operating at maximum. Naturally, the price of 1 kW/hour is taken into account.

To know in advance how much electricity will be spent on heating a private house with an electric boiler, you need to perform certain calculations. For example, let’s calculate what the costs will be in a private house with an area of ​​100 m2:

• We find out the efficiency of an electric boiler in order to find out how many kW of electricity it takes to produce one kW of thermal energy. Most electric boilers have an efficiency of 100%, and on average 1 kW of heat accounts for 1.03 kW of energy;
• We take into account the average cost of kWh. Let's say it is 3.6 rubles;
• We calculate how much thermal energy the house requires. Since 1 kW is enough to heat 10 m2, at least 10 kW of heat is needed per 100 m2;
• Let's find out how many kW of electricity is spent on heating a house per day. So, we multiply 10 kW by 24 hours. We get the number 240;
• We calculate what the electricity consumption is per month, that is, we multiply 240 kW by 30 days and get 7200 kW;
• To calculate cash costs, we multiply 7200 kW by 3.6 rubles. It turns out that you have to pay almost 26 thousand rubles to heat a private house with an electric boiler.

But the electric boiler does not always work at full capacity. It mainly operates on heating. This means that 2 times less electricity is required. Therefore, half of the resulting amount can be subtracted. It turns out that a month of operation of an electric boiler costs 13 thousand rubles.

The final cost of heating using electrical equipment depends on the characteristics of the house itself. Thus, the operation of the boiler and the preservation of heat in the premises are influenced by the materials from which the walls were erected, ceilings and windows were made.

Practical and economical option

Basically, the reliability of an electric boiler is judged by its power. For good single-circuit heating equipment this figure is 1 kW per 10 m2. Double-circuit boilers must have an increased power value.

When choosing an electric boiler, you need to pay attention to the possibilities of its connection. Not very powerful devices operate from a single-phase network. And boilers with significant power are connected to a three-phase network. Although among them there are models that can be connected in both ways.

You can incur much lower costs from using an electric boiler if it is equipped with a safety system, expansion tank, circulation pump and programmer. Ionic electric boilers have all this. It will also be possible to reduce energy costs by purchasing an electric boiler with components that increase the equipment’s capabilities during the off-season.

Choosing the best boiler model

Most often, Protherm electric boilers are purchased in stores. Under this name, a huge range of devices are produced that have excellent quality at a relatively low cost.

It is customary to install Protherm boilers in private homes, hanging them on the wall or placing them on the floor. They operate reliably and feature an easy-to-understand control panel and user-friendly LCD display. A pump comes with the equipment set. Boiler models from this company are compact in size.

Protherm heating devices are produced with a power from 6 to 28 kW. Most models are connected to a power supply with a voltage of 380 V. If necessary, automatic diagnostics of operation can be carried out on their control panel.

Wall-mounted compact model

Another winning option is the Russian-made Evan electric boiler. It operates silently and is considered reliable equipment for heating a private home. The heat exchanger of this device is designed so that there is no risk of leakage.

The Evan boiler is equipped with a circulation pump and an expansion tank. The use of this equipment is absolutely safe, since it contains a microprocessor unit. The heating temperature of the boiler can be changed, thereby reducing electricity costs.

Connecting the boiler to the heating system

The equipment of the Dakon company is no less famous. Electric boilers made in Germany have a power value from 4 to 60 kW. This heating equipment includes a circulation pump. The boiler is equipped with a safety valve, filter and water pressure sensor.

Several boiler models have a built-in expansion tank. Heating devices with a power of no more than 12 kW are connected to a network with any voltage.

This boiler allows you to control the temperature

In the case where a country house is considered as a place of permanent residence for a family, it is impossible to do without efficient heating. Well, if the owners take this issue seriously, then most likely they will opt for a full-fledged heating system with a water circuit. Properly planned and installed pipe distribution, radiators rationally placed in the required quantity throughout the rooms ensure optimal uniform heat transfer to all rooms, open up the possibility of fine adjustment of the heating level, which has a positive effect on the created microclimate in the house and on saving energy resources. But which boiler should be used to heat the coolant circulating through the circuit?

If at your place of residence it is possible to connect to a gas main, then, of course, the choice will be made in favor of a gas boiler - this is by far the most inexpensive source of energy. But what should those owners do who do not have such an opportunity? There are several solutions, and one of them is electric heating boilers, how to choose which will be discussed in this publication.

General advantages and disadvantages of electric heating boilers

To begin with, before moving on to considering the types of electric heating boilers, it makes sense to dwell on their general advantages and, alas, disadvantages. And the advantages of such devices are especially noticeable at the stage of creating a heating system

If a water heating system is created, then its design and installation, in principle, does not particularly depend on the type of future boiler. In any case, this will be a fairly large-scale and very labor-intensive event, requiring significant material costs, which, one way or another, cannot be avoided. But when installing the electric boiler itself, the advantages of such equipment immediately appear. A quick comparison can be made.

1. Gas is by far the most economical type of energy source available today. However, it is no secret that running a gas main to a house immediately results in very significant costs. Very often you can find houses that are not gasified, the owners of which simply cannot afford to pay even for laying a branch line from the main line.

The next aspect is that even if gas is supplied to the house, no one will ever allow you to install the equipment yourself. The owners have to go through a difficult path of bureaucratic procedures, starting from drawing up a project and ending with its approval by many different regulatory authorities. And all this is a considerable expense only at the stage of preparation for the actual installation work.

Do not forget about the mandatory conditions for installing a gas boiler - well-thought-out ventilation systems and removal of combustion products. This will also entail additional costs.

And finally, the installation and commissioning of gas equipment has the right to be carried out exclusively by specialists from specialized organizations, which, as a rule, are monopolists in this matter, which, of course, is reflected in the price level.

Thus, future savings on energy resources result in very significant initial expenses, even without taking into account the cost of the gas boiler itself.

2. What about solid or liquid fuel equipment? There are also many difficulties here.

First of all, such a boiler will definitely require a separate room, equipped in accordance with existing rules. A chimney is required, and if in the case of a gas boiler it is possible in some cases to get by with a short coaxial one with forced removal of combustion products, then with solid fuel or solar equipment a full-fledged one is required.

There is no way to avoid approval procedures with regulatory organizations - solid or liquid fuel boilers, whatever one may say, are the most dangerous from a fire safety point of view.

In any case, you will have to prepare some kind of storage for fuel reserves - it takes up a lot of space and requires a special approach to organizing storage. Solid fuel boiler equipment will be appropriate if the owners really have access to cheap fuel.

Such boilers require very frequent intervention in their operation - loading fuel and monitoring its combustion. Even installing long-burning equipment only partially solves the problem - loading, one way or another, will have to be done manually. Well, automated systems for supplying granulated fuel (pellets) are very expensive, and pellets are also not cheap.

And finally, another drawback is that such equipment is least amenable to the processes of fine-tuning, automation, operation programming, etc.

3. Well, now we will talk about electric boilers. What are their undeniable advantages?

• The operation of such equipment has nothing to do with combustion and open flame - completely different physical principles are used here. From a fire safety point of view, electric boilers can be called the most reliable, if, of course, they have high-quality electrical wiring installed and the necessary safety devices are installed.
• It also follows that the operation of the boiler is not associated with the emission of combustion products. Even the slightest possibility of carbon monoxide poisoning is completely eliminated. There will be no costly measures for installing a combustion product removal system and additional ventilation.
• Such advantages entail another advantage - an electric boiler does not require a separate boiler room at all. In principle, it can be installed in any room in the living area of ​​the house. Its operation does not involve the release of any gases or even unpleasant odors.

Modern compact wall-mounted electric boilers fit perfectly into the interior and become almost invisible when installed, for example, in the kitchen, hallway or small utility room.

Moreover, if heating is required for several rooms of a small house, miniature electric boilers are often installed, placing them near the radiators, where they are even difficult to notice.

The only thing that can impose certain restrictions on the placement of equipment in a residential area is the noise from the operation of automation units of some models, or a slight vibrational hum characteristic of induction installations.

• In most cases, if the total boiler power does not exceed about 8 ÷ 10 kW, no approvals from regulatory organizations will be required. This means that the installation can be carried out on your own, well, perhaps with the assistance of a qualified electrician.

In accordance with the order of the Government of the Russian Federation, the commissioning of facilities owned by individuals does not require obtaining permission from state technical supervision if they are used for domestic needs and have a total power of no more than 15 kW. That is, to connect a boiler whose power is in the range indicated above, a standard power line connected to a residential building will be sufficient.

“Going through the authorities” will be necessary if more powerful equipment is required, and it is advisable to install a three-phase power line for it.

By the way, many electric boilers have the ability to connect to both single-phase and three-phase networks. Their rated power in the technical documentation is shown in two numbers, separated by a fraction, for example, 7.8 / 14.0 kW.

• Electric boilers are extremely easy to operate and control and do not require constant monitoring or user intervention. Many modern models have very convenient control panels that allow you to make fine adjustments to the operation of the heating system.

Moreover, electric boilers fit perfectly into the “smart home” system that is gaining popularity these days. If you purchase the appropriate set of equipment, you can make maximum use of preferential tariffs (night or holiday), program the operation of the equipment for minimum consumption during the day, when no one is home anyway, and bring it to the desired level by the time residents arrive in the evening, manage boiler by transmitting signals via mobile communications or IP protocol.

• It is clear that using electricity to heat a house will not require any additional costs to create storage facilities for fuel.
• Electric boilers, as a rule, are much simpler in design, which also determines their price - modern gas or solid fuel installations will cost much more.

All of the above would sound very nice if it were not for the significant disadvantages of electric boilers, which, alas, cannot be avoided, and which stop many potential owners from such a purchase:

• In the first place, of course, is the high cost of electrical energy. Before purchasing such equipment, you will need to carefully calculate the “accounting” of future monthly costs.

It is clear that with such a cost of energy, you will have to pay the greatest attention to the thermal insulation of the entire house (apartment), since it would be completely unreasonable to waste money on unnecessary heat loss. In addition, the importance of precise control of the heating system is increasing in order to use all energy saving reserves.

• The use of an electric boiler will impose certain restrictions on the structure of the heating system itself. So, for example, you will have to abandon an open system, especially since it has natural coolant circulation - it is uneconomical in this regard.

In addition, not all heating radiators are suitable. Two extremes immediately disappear: light steel radiators and heavy cast iron batteries - both of them will lead to unnecessary energy losses with insufficient operating efficiency.

The best options are bimetallic radiators or, with some reservations, which will be discussed below, aluminum ones.

• Some electric boilers are very demanding on the quality and chemical composition of the coolant used.

Such a heating system becomes completely dependent on power supply. If there are frequent power outages in a populated area, then you should not even think about purchasing such equipment. No, even the most powerful uninterruptible power supply systems will come to the rescue here. True, there is the option of using combined boilers, for example, “wood-electricity”, but this requires a completely different approach to creating a heating system.

Combined wood-electricity boiler

Combination boiler prices

combi boiler

• Some electric boilers really do not like voltage drops in the network. This issue, of course, can be solved quite simply by installing a power stabilizer, but this will again entail new costs.

What general parameters should you rely on when choosing a boiler?

In this section of the article, only general selection criteria will be considered, which apply to all electric boilers without exception. Below when it comes. Actually, about the types of equipment, this information will be supplemented with specific features characteristic of specific varieties.

You might be interested in information on how to choose

Boiler power

You should always start with this parameter - most of the other criteria will depend on it. Well, the boiler power itself depends, in turn, on a number of characteristics of the building or apartment where the heating system is supposed to be created.

There is a common opinion that for high-quality heating and replenishment of heat loss, 1 kW per 10 m² of heated room area is sufficient. To give a rough estimate, this may be true. But still, this approach does not take into account many nuances that can affect the efficiency of heating a house. This may include the height of the ceilings, the number, type and size of windows, the presence of entrance doors or exits to an unheated balcony, the degree of insulation of the walls, vertical proximity to rooms (attics, basements, unheated rooms, etc.), climate features in the region of residence . Moreover, even the location of the rooms on the cardinal points matters (the north side will always require more heat). And since we are talking about expensive electricity, then even the method of connecting heating radiators becomes important - this can also provide some cost savings.

Formulas for calculating the required power are very complex and cumbersome. Therefore, we will take the liberty of offering the reader a convenient method of calculation using the calculator below. It already takes into account the most basic parameters affecting the consumption of thermal energy. The method involves calculating the power for each of the premises, followed by summing up the values ​​and creating the necessary reserve.

To begin with, you should turn to the plan of your property that each owner has. The dimensions and area are probably indicated there. The remaining parameters will not be difficult to determine simply by walking around the rooms a little.

To make it easier to understand, let's give an example:

The figure shows a completely arbitrary house plan, for which it is necessary to calculate the thermal power of the boiler.

To calculate the power of a heating boiler, it is advisable to make a small plate in which the individual characteristics of each room should be placed. In this case it will look something like this:

For an example of calculation, let’s take a region with an average minimum air temperature in the coldest ten days of the year - in the range from - 25 to - 35 ° C. The house has an average degree of wall insulation (brickwork without high-quality external thermal insulation), and there is an unheated attic on top of the premises.

Please note that the last two points in the calculator below will be the location of heating radiators. They are shown in order from the most effective connection methods, with the least loss of thermal energy, and then - as their heating efficiency decreases. For electric heating, this can be very important in terms of saving energy consumption.

Now all that remains is to sequentially enter the values ​​for each of the rooms - and determine the required amount of thermal energy for high-quality heating and replenishment of heat loss. In the calculations, a 10% power reserve is immediately introduced so that under the most unfavorable conditions the equipment does not operate at the limit of its capabilities. The sum of the values ​​in the right column will give the required power of the electric boiler.

The heating of a private house is an autonomous heating system, the reliability of which depends, first of all, on the boiler. The coolant heating device can operate on many types of fuel, including electricity.

Heating a private house with an electric boiler allows you to do without the use of solid fuel, which constantly needs to be loaded into the stove, and in comparison with gas equipment, an electric boiler for heating a private house is safer equipment to operate.

Electric heating system in a private house Source remont-da.ru

General information

Electric heating boilers for private homes have been used for many years, but thanks to the development of microprocessor electronics, many current devices can be easily programmed to the desired operating mode for heating the living space. Modern electronic boilers are convenient because the operation of the heating system can be easily adjusted and electricity not wasted at a time when all residents leave the house, and when using a two-tariff meter, the device can be configured for maximum operation at night, when the cost of electricity is much lower.

Electric heating boilers Source ultra-term.ru

Features of using electric boilers

Electric boilers for heating a private home are convenient because their installation does not require installing a chimney to remove gases. Electrical installations are virtually silent and do not burn oxygen in the room.

The only disadvantage of such systems can be considered the possibility of electric shock and too high prices for consumed electricity. These shortcomings can be overcome if the equipment is installed taking into account safety regulations, and to save money, as mentioned above, a two-tariff electric meter is purchased.

With the right approach to using an electric boiler in a private home, such a system is not inferior to other types of heating installations, and in many respects significantly surpasses them.

Electric boiler with water heater in a private house Source sellprint.ru

Boiler selection criteria

Currently, specialized stores sell electric heating boilers with many characteristics, and which ones are best for a private home can be very difficult to figure out. When choosing an electric boiler, you should first of all pay attention to the following criteria:

• power;
• type of heating element;
• manufacturer;
• availability of additional functions.

The power rating of the purchased device will determine whether the device can handle heating the living space of the house, and the type of heating element used in the boiler will determine its cost. The cheapest boilers are devices that use heating elements to heat the coolant, and the most expensive are induction units. Its price depends on how well promoted the boiler manufacturer is; in addition, the cost indicator will be influenced by the presence of additional functions of electrical equipment.

Electric heating system for a large country house Source stot64.ru

Types and features

The following types of electric boilers are used to heat a private home:

• Heating element - a tubular electric heater is used to heat the coolant. Such boilers are inexpensive and not too demanding on the quality of the liquid. The main disadvantage of these heating devices is the formation of scale on the heating element, which may fail due to excessive heating.
• Induction devices are the most energy-efficient devices in terms of energy consumption, but the cost of such a device will be noticeably higher compared to a heating element boiler.
• Electrode is a type of electric boiler that is safe to use, but very demanding on the quality of coolants.

Any of the listed units can be used for installation in a private home, but with a large usable heating area, boilers that use heating elements are least suitable.

Video description

For an overview of electric boilers, watch the video:

How to choose a boiler for a private home

An electric boiler must fully cope with the task of heating a private home, so the device must be selected correctly in terms of power. For an accurate calculation, it is necessary to calculate the heat loss of the building. With this question, it is better to contact specialists who will not only determine the location of heat leaks, but also make the necessary calculations of the power of heating equipment. In general, you should choose devices that are 20–30% more powerful than necessary to provide heat for the entire house.

Electric boilers with heating elements

Such devices are most often used as the main or additional heating of a room. Electric boilers with heating elements can be either wall-mounted or floor-mounted. Floor-standing units, as a rule, are designed for high power and have large dimensions.

Considering the high probability of failure of the heating element, some models are equipped with two heating elements. Such installations are more reliable and allow you to fully heat the premises even if one heating element fails.

New heating element electric boiler Source kotlof.ru

Induction electric heaters

An alternating magnetic field is used to heat the coolant in induction boilers. Under the influence of strong alternating magnetic fields, the metal heats up and heat is transferred to the liquid in the tank. Thus, it is possible to completely isolate the electric heating element from the effects of liquid and salts dissolved in it.

Induction boilers are much more expensive than heating elements, but given the high reliability, efficiency and high power of such heating systems, experts recommend choosing to purchase boilers of this type.

Vortex Induction Heater Source nn.kotel-t.ru

Choosing a double-circuit electric boiler

Some electric boilers perform not only the function of heating the room, but also supplying hot water. Such heating installations have two circuits, one of which runs inside the second. Double-circuit boilers allow you to save not only energy, but also the usable area of ​​the house, which would be used to accommodate water heating equipment. The main disadvantage of this system is the dependence of the hot water supply on the heating mode of a private house.

Choosing an electric double-circuit boiler for heating a private home is not at all difficult, but such a heating installation will cost much more than single-circuit models.

Double-circuit electric boiler Source ekarpov.ru

What is the difference between single-circuit and double-circuit models?

The main difference between dual-circuit models and single-circuit units is size. Double-circuit boilers must have a sufficient volume of the main tank so that copper tubes of sufficient length can be placed inside it to heat water in them during the flow of liquid.

In addition, double-circuit models are produced with greater power, because a significant amount of thermal energy can be consumed during frequent intake of hot water.

Single-circuit electric boiler Source dom-and-sad.ru

Installation and operation of an electric boiler

You can install an electric heating boiler yourself. Depending on the type of unit purchased, the heating installation is mounted on the wall or on the floor. In both cases, installation is carried out in the following sequence:

• marking the location of the boiler;
• drilling mounting holes;
• installation of the boiler on anchor bolts;
• connecting the boiler to grounding;
• connecting the device to the heating system;
• connecting the device to the power supply;
• filling the heating system with coolant and removing air pockets;
• boiler startup.

Connection diagram of an electric boiler to the heating system Source stroyfora.ru

If all of the above steps were performed correctly, the electric boiler will start and the heating system will begin to function normally. During operation of the boiler, it is necessary to monitor the coolant level in the tank. If it drops to a minimum, then add water to the normal value.

If leaks occur, to prevent the device from malfunctioning, it is necessary to immediately eliminate the depressurization of the system. Also, during operation, electric boilers for the home must be cleaned of dirt and the wiring connected to the device is in good condition.

Important! The installation and connection of an electric boiler should be done by professionals.

Disadvantages of heating with electricity

The main disadvantage of using electric boilers for heating a private home is the high probability of a power outage. This usually occurs during natural disasters and power line failures. Such troubles arise especially often in the winter season, when heating operation should not be interrupted for a long period of time.

Considering the large power consumption of such devices, it is almost impossible to provide backup power to the heating system using batteries. The problem can only be solved by connecting powerful generators, which are expensive and consume large amounts of gasoline or diesel fuel.

If you need to connect a powerful heating installation, then, as a rule, such boilers are powered from a three-phase electrical network. Therefore, if in a populated area it is not possible to connect a voltage of 380 V, then heating with electricity will be unavailable for a large private house.

An important disadvantage of using electricity is the high cost of electricity, which only increases every year.

Video description

Watch the video to see how an electric boiler works:

Conclusion

Heating a house with an electric boiler is a good alternative to using solid fuel. For greater reliability, you can combine these two types of heating, but if you have a reliable diesel generator, this is not necessary. With such a safety net, even the coldest winter and sudden power outages are not scary.